FAMILY
|
GENUS
|
SPECIES
|
AUTHOR
|
TAXONOMIC NOTES
|
DISTRIBUTION IN EUROPE
|
| PAPILIONIDAE |
|
|
Latreille
1802
|
|
|
PARNASSIINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Zerynthia
|
|
Ochsenheimer
1816 |
|
|
|
|
rumina
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Iberia,
S. France
|
|
|
africana
|
Stichel
1907
|
Previously
treated as subspecies of rumina
|
N.
Africa
|
|
|
polyxena
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
Considered
conspecific with cassandra by
some authors |
S.
France eastwards
|
|
|
cassandra
|
Geyer
1828
|
Considered
conspecific with polyxena by
some authors
|
Italy
|
|
|
cerysi
|
Godart
1824
|
Type
species of obsolete genus Allancastria
Bryk 1934
|
Balkans
and S.E. Europe
|
|
|
cretica
|
Rebel
1904
|
Often
treated as subspecies of cerisy
|
Crete
|
|
Archon
|
|
Hübner
1822 |
|
|
|
|
apollinus
|
Herbst
1798
|
|
Greece
|
|
Parnassius
|
|
Latreille
1804 |
|
|
|
|
mnemosyne
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Sometimes
placed in genus Driopa Korshunov
1988
|
Pyrenees
and Alps eastwards, inc. Scandinavia
|
|
|
corybas
|
Fischer
von Waldheim 1823
|
Formerly,
incorrectly, phoebus. Also
sometimes sacerdos: see here for
more details
|
Alps
|
|
|
apollo
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
(mountains)
|
PAPILIONINAE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iphiclides
|
|
Hübner
1819 |
|
|
|
|
podalirius
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Considered
conspecific with feisthamelii
by some authors
|
Europe,
not Iberia, not far N.
|
|
|
feisthamelii
|
Duponchel
1832
|
Considered
conspecific with podalirius
by some authors
|
Iberia,
N. Africa |
|
Papilio
|
|
Linnaeus
1758 |
|
|
|
|
machaon
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
saharae
|
Oberthür
1879
|
Close
to machaon
|
N.
Africa, Sicily
and maybe Malta
|
|
|
hospiton
|
Géné
1839
|
|
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
|
alexenor
|
Esper
1800
|
|
S.
France, S.E. Europe
|
| PIERIDAE |
|
|
Swainson
1820 |
|
|
DISMORPHIINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Leptidea
|
|
Billberg
1820 |
|
|
|
|
duponcheli
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
S.
France, S.E. Europe
|
|
|
sinapis
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Sister
species of reali and juvernica
|
Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
reali
|
Reisinger
1990
|
Sister
species of sinapis and juvernica
|
Spain,
S. France, Italy
|
|
|
juvernica
|
Williams
1946
|
Sister
species of sinapis and reali
|
Ireland,
France and eastwards, fragmented distribution
|
|
|
morsei
|
Fenton
1882
|
|
E.
central Europe - local
|
PIERINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Aporia
|
|
Hübner
1819 |
|
|
|
|
crataegi
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, not far N., N. Africa |
|
Pieris
|
|
Schrank
1801 |
|
|
|
|
krueperi
|
Staudinger
1860
|
For
a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays.
|
Balkans
|
|
|
rapae
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
For
a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays. |
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
mannii
|
Meyer
1851
|
For
a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays. |
S.
Europe, generally local, commoner in E.
|
|
|
ergane
|
Geyer
1828
|
For
a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays. |
S.
Europe, absent from large areas
|
|
|
napi
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
For
a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays. |
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
bryoniae
|
Hübner
1806
|
Long
treated as subspecies of napi.
For a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays. |
Alps,
Carpathians
|
|
|
pseudorapae
|
Verity
1908
|
Often
treated as conspecific with napi.
For a while placed in Artogeia,
Verity 1947, but generally treated as being in Pieris nowadays. |
Balkans
|
|
|
segonzaci
|
Le
Cerf 1923
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
brassicae
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
cheiranthi
|
Hübner
1808
|
|
Canaries
|
|
Pontia
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
edusa
|
Fabricius
1777
|
Formerly
conflated with daplidice
|
Europe,
from France eastwards and northwards. Vagrants to Britain of this
species, not daplidice
|
|
|
daplidice
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Formerly
conflated with edusa
|
Europe,
from Iberia eastwards and southwards, N. Africa |
|
|
chloridice
|
Hübner
1813
|
|
Balkans,
Finland and sporadic between
|
|
|
glauconome
|
Klug
1829
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
callidice
|
Hübner
1800
|
|
Pyrenees,
Alps, European Turkey
|
|
Euchloe
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
simplonia
|
Freyer
1829
|
Often
confused in the past with ausonia/crameri,
to which closely related
|
Cantabrians,
Pyrenees, Alps
|
|
|
ausonia
|
Hübner
1804
|
Often
confused in the past with simplonia
|
N.
Africa, Europe from
Iberia and France to Balkans. Complex and uncertain distributional
relationship with crameri.
Not Corsica and Sardinia.
|
|
|
crameri
|
Butler
1869
|
Often
confused in the past with simplonia
|
N.
Africa, Spain,
S. France, N.W Italy. Not Corsica and Sardinia.
|
|
|
insularis
|
Staudinger
1861
|
|
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
|
belemia
|
Esper
1800
|
|
Spain
and Portugal, N. Africa |
|
|
hesperidum
|
Rothschild
1913
|
Formerly
considered a subspecies of belemia
|
Canaries
|
|
|
falloui
|
Allard
1867
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
charlonia
|
Donzel
1842
|
Often placed in genus Elphinstonia, Klots 1930
|
Canaries,
N. Africa |
|
|
bazae
|
Fabiano
1993
|
Formerly
conflated with charlonia; often placed in genus Elphinstonia, Klots 1930
|
Spain
(very local)
|
|
|
penia
|
Freyer
1851
|
Often placed in genus Elphinstonia, Klots 1930
|
Balkans
|
|
|
tagis
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
Morocco,
Iberia,
S. France, N. Italy
|
|
|
pechi
|
Staudinger
1885
|
|
Algeria
|
|
Zegris
|
|
Boisduval
1836
|
|
|
|
|
meridionalis
|
Lederer
1852
|
Formerly
considered conspecific with Z.
eupheme of Eastern Europe.
|
Morocco,
Spain
|
|
Anthocharis
|
|
Boisduval,
Rambur, Duméril & Graslin, 1833
|
|
|
|
|
cardamines
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
gruneri
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
damone
|
Boisduval
1836
|
|
S.
Italy, Sardinia, Balkans
|
|
|
euphenoides
|
Staudinger
1869
|
Formerly
considered subspecies of belia
|
Iberia,
S. France, Italy
|
|
|
belia
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
N.
Africa
|
|
Colotis
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
evagore
|
Klug
1829
|
|
Spain,
N. Africa |
|
Belenois
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
aurota
|
Fabricius
1793
|
|
Recorded
only from Malta
|
COLIADINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Colias
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
phicomone
|
Esper
1780
|
|
Pyrenees,
Alps
|
|
|
tyche
|
Böber
1812
|
|
N.
Scandinavia
|
|
|
hecla
|
Lefèbvre
1836
|
|
N.
Scandinavia
|
|
|
chrysotheme
|
Esper
1781
|
|
Austria
eastwards
|
|
|
palaeno
|
Linnaeus
1761 |
|
From
Alps, northwards and eastwards, including Scandinavia
|
|
|
erate
|
Esper
1805
|
|
S.
Germany eastwards
|
|
|
crocea
|
Fourcroy
1785
|
Widely
called croceus, but this not
in agreement with Colias
|
Europe,
except far N., N. Africa |
|
|
hyale
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
rare S. of Alps, not far N.
|
|
|
alfacariensis
|
Ribbe
1905
|
|
S.
Europe, vagrants further north.
|
|
|
caucasica
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
aurorina
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1850
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
myrmidone
|
Esper
1781
|
|
E.
Germany and Austria eastwards
|
|
Catopsilia
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
florella
|
Fabricius
1775
|
|
Canaries,
N. Africa |
|
Gonepteryx
|
|
Leach
1819
|
|
|
|
|
cleopatra
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
S.
Europe
|
|
|
cleobule
|
Hübner
1830
|
|
Canaries
(Tenerife, La Gomera)
|
|
|
palmae
|
Stamm
1963
|
|
Canaries
(La Palma)
|
|
|
maderensis
|
Felder
C. 1863
|
|
Madeira
|
|
|
farinosa
|
Zeller
1847
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
rhamni
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
LYCAENIDAE
|
|
|
Leach
1815
|
|
|
THECLINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Favonius
|
|
Sibatini
& Ito 1942
|
|
|
|
|
quercus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Traditionally
put in the genus Quercusia
Verity 1943. The cladal relations of Quercusia
with Favonius (and Neozephyrus Sibatini & Ito
1942) are differently stated by different authors, some (e.g. Leraut)
favouring a return to Quercusia
for this species. Not being in a position to judge, I have gone for the
more widely used (now) Favonius.
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
Laeosopis |
|
Esper
1789
|
|
|
|
|
roboris
|
Esper
1793 |
|
Iberia
and S. France
|
|
Thecla
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
betulae
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not far N., not far S.
|
|
Deudorix
|
|
Hewitson
1863
|
|
|
|
|
livia
|
Klug
1834
|
|
N.
Africa, Greece
and Cyprus (recent discovery) |
|
Tomares
|
|
Rambur
1840
|
|
|
|
|
ballus
|
Fabricius
1787
|
|
Iberia,
S. France, N. Africa |
|
|
nogelii
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
|
Romania,
Moldavia
|
|
|
maureticanus
|
Lucas
1849
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
Callophrys
|
|
Billberg
1820
|
|
|
|
|
rubi
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
avis
|
Chapman
1909
|
|
Iberia,
S. France, N. Africa |
|
Satyrium
|
|
Scudder
1876
|
|
|
|
|
esculi
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
Iberia,
S. France, N. Africa |
|
|
acaciae
|
Fabricius
1787
|
|
N.
Iberia eastwards, S. Europe not N. Europe
|
|
|
ilicis
|
Esper
1779
|
|
Europe,
not U.K., not Scandinavia (except S. Sweden)
|
|
|
spini
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
Europe,
not U.K., not Scandinavia
|
|
|
w-album
|
Knoch
1782
|
|
Europe,
not far N., not S. Iberia
|
|
|
ledereri
|
Boisduval
1848
|
|
Samos
|
|
|
pruni
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not far N., not far S.
|
APHNAEINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Cigaritis
|
|
Donzel
1847
|
|
|
|
|
zohra
|
Donzel
1847
|
|
N.
Africa
|
|
|
allardi
|
Oberthür
1909
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria
|
|
|
siphax
|
Lucas
18494
|
|
Algeria,
Tunisia
|
|
Apharitis
|
|
Riley
1925
|
|
|
|
|
myrmicophilia
|
Dumont
1922
|
|
N.
Africa (E.)
|
|
|
acamas
|
Klug
1834
|
|
Cyprus
|
LYCAEINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Lycaena
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
phlaeas
|
Linnaeus
1761
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
helle
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
Central
Europe (fragmented), E. and N. Europe
|
|
|
ottomanus
|
Lefèbvre
1830
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
dispar
|
Haworth
1802
|
|
Central
and E. Europe
|
|
|
candens
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1844
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
hippothoe
|
Linnaeus
1761
|
|
N.
Spain and central Europe eastwards, inc. Scandinavia
|
|
|
thersamon
|
Esper
1784
|
|
Italy
eastwards
|
|
|
phoebus
|
Blachier
1905
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
alciphron
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
Morocco,
Europe,
not N. France, British Isles or Scandinavia
|
|
|
virgaureae
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Spain, Europe, not British Isles
|
|
|
thetis
|
Klug
1834
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
tityrus
|
Poda
1761
|
|
N.
Spain, Europe, not UK or Scandinavia
|
POLYOMMATINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Lampides
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
boeticus
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
Africa,
Mediterranean
and Europe to S. British Isles, as migrant |
|
Leptotes
|
|
Scudder
1876
|
|
|
|
|
pirithous
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
Africa,
Mediterranean
and N. to central Europe as migrant
|
|
Tarucus
|
|
Moore
1881
|
|
|
|
|
balkanicus
|
Freyer
1844
|
|
Adriatic
and Balkans eastwards, N. Africa |
|
|
theophrastus
|
Fabricius
1793
|
|
N.
Africa, S.
Spain
|
|
|
rosaceus
|
Austaut
1885
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
Cacyreus
|
|
Butler
1898
|
|
|
|
|
marshalli
|
Butler
1898
|
|
N.
Africa and S.
Europe as introduced, invasive species
|
|
Cyclyrius
|
|
Butler
1897
|
|
|
|
|
webbianus
|
Brullé
1839
|
Only
extant species in genus, mandersi,
from Mauritius, being extinct.
|
Canaries
|
|
Azanus
|
|
Moore
1881
|
|
|
|
|
jesous
|
Guérin-Méneville
1849
|
|
Morocco,
Cyprus
|
|
|
ubaldus
|
Stoll
1782
|
|
N.
Africa
|
|
Zizeeria
|
|
Chapman
1910
|
|
|
|
|
knysna
|
Trimen
1862
|
|
N.
Africa (W.), Spain,
S. France
|
|
|
karsandra
|
Moore
1865
|
Long
treated as subspecies of knysna
|
N.
Africa (E.), Sicily,
Crete, Malta (?), Cyprus
|
|
Chilades
|
|
Moore
1881
|
|
|
|
|
trochylus
|
Freyer
1845
|
Formerly
placed in Freyeria, Courvoisier 1920
|
Balkans
and eastwards
|
|
Cupido
|
|
Schrank
1801
|
Now
includes species formerly classified under Everes Hübner 1819.
|
|
|
|
alcetas
|
Hoffmansegg
1804
|
Formerly
in Everes Hübner 1819. |
France
eastwards
|
|
|
argiades
|
Pallas
1771
|
Formerly
in Everes Hübner 1819. |
Europe,
not N., British Isles or Iberia S. of Pyrenees
|
|
|
decoloratus
|
Staudinger
1886
|
Formerly
in Everes Hübner 1819. |
E.
Europe
|
|
|
osiris
|
Meigen
1829
|
|
Spain
and France eastwards, absent from large areas
|
|
|
lorquinii
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
|
S.
Spain and Portugal, N. Africa |
|
|
minimus
|
Fuessly
1775
|
|
Europe,
not S. Spain
|
|
|
carswelli
|
Stempfer
1927
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of minimus
|
S.
Spain
|
|
Iolana
|
|
Bethune-Baker
1914
|
Recent
work suggests synonymy with Glaucopsyche
Scudder 1872.
|
|
|
|
iolas
|
Ochsenheimer
1816
|
N.
African subspecies, debilitata,
Schultz 1905, sometimes treated as good species
|
N.
Africa, S.
Europe
|
|
Glaucopsyche
|
|
Scudder
1872
|
|
|
|
|
alexis
|
Poda
1761
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles or Iberia S. of Cataluña
|
|
|
melanops
|
Boisduval
1828
|
|
Iberia,
S. France, N.W. Italy, N. Africa |
|
|
paphos
|
Chapman
1920
|
|
Endmic
to Cyprus
|
|
Phengaris
|
|
Doherty
1891
|
All
European species of this genus were formerly classified in the now
obsolete genus Maculinea
Eecke 1915.
Studies have shown that if this genus is preserved for the European
species it is not cladal. Therefore, despite strong emotional support
for the iconic name Maculinea,
logic and consistency demand classifying all former Maculinea species as Phengaris, which has priority.
|
|
|
|
alcon
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
f. rebeli is often treated as a full
species and occasionally as a subspecies of alcon. Most recent authors now
count it not as a true taxon at all but an ecological form.
|
Europe
from Portugal eastwards, not far S. or N.
|
|
|
arion
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
from N. Spain eastwards, not far N.
|
|
|
teleius
|
Bergsträsser
1779
|
Often
spelt telejus and
occasionally, in error (d'Abrera), belejus.
|
France
eastwards, not far S. or N.
|
|
|
nausithous
|
Bergsträsser
1779 |
|
N.
Spain and France eastwards, not far S. or N.
|
|
Celastrina
|
|
J.
W. Tutt 1906
|
|
|
|
|
argiolus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
Scolitantides
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
Treated
here as including the former genus Pseudophilotes
Beuret 1958. Many authors (e.g. Leraut 2016) retain Pseudophilotes for all European
species except orion.
|
|
|
|
orion
|
Pallas
1771
|
|
Generally
S.but present in S. Scandinavia
|
|
|
bavius
|
Eversmann
1832
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
fatma
|
Oberthür
1890
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria
|
|
|
panoptes
|
Hübner
1813
|
Formerly
considered subspecies of baton
|
Iberia
|
|
|
baton
|
Bergsträsser
1779
|
|
W.
Central Europe and Italy, not most of Iberia
|
|
|
vicrama
|
Moore
1865
|
|
Austria
eastwards
|
|
|
barbagiae
|
de
Prins & Poorten 1982
|
|
Sardinia
|
|
|
abencerragus
|
Pierret
1837
|
|
S.
Iberia, N. Africa |
|
Plebejus
|
|
Kluk
1780
|
|
|
|
|
sephirus
|
Frivaldszky
1835
|
Part
of the pylaon complex and
formerly treated as a subspecies of that species. Classified under Kretania Beuret 1959 by some
authors (e.g., Leraut, Kudrna). Ssp. brethertoni,
Brown 1976, Peloponnese, sometimes considered a good species.
|
Hungary,
Romania, Balkans
|
|
|
pylaon
|
Fischer
von Waldheim 1832
|
Type
species of the pylaon
complex. Classified under Kretania
Beuret 1959 by some authors (e.g., Leraut, Kudrna). |
European
Russia - so technically outside our region - but included here because
of its historic relation to sephirus,
trappi and hespericus.
|
|
|
trappi
|
Verity
1927
|
Part
of the pylaon complex and
formerly treated as a subspecies of that species. Classified under Kretania Beuret 1959 by some
authors (e.g., Leraut, Kudrna). |
Alps
|
|
|
hespericus
|
Rambur
1842
|
Part
of the pylaon complex and
formerly treated as a subspecies of that species. Classified under Kretania Beuret 1959 by some
authors (e.g., Leraut, Kudrna). |
Spain
|
|
|
eurypilus
|
Freyer
1851
|
Classified
under Kretania Beuret 1959 by
some authors (e.g., Leraut, Kudrna). |
Greece
|
|
|
psylorita
|
Freyer
1845
|
Classified
under Kretania Beuret 1959 by
some authors (e.g., Leraut, Kudrna). |
Crete
|
|
|
argus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
allardii
|
Oberthür
1874
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
martini
|
Allard
1867
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
idas
|
Linnaeus
1761
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles
|
|
|
bellieri
|
Oberthür
1910
|
Often
treated as subspecies of idas.
|
Corsica,
Sardinia
|
|
|
argyrognomon
|
Bergsträsser
1779
|
|
France
eastwards, not Scandinavia
|
|
|
loewii
|
Zeller
1847
|
|
Dodecanese
|
|
|
vogelii
|
Oberthür
1920
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
optilete
|
Knoch
1781
|
Often
placed in genus Vacciniina Tutt
1909
|
Alps
and northwards, not British Isles
|
|
|
orbitulus
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
Formerly
in Albulina Tutt 1909;
sometimes placed in Agriades Hubner
1819
|
Alps,
Norway, Sweden
|
|
|
glandon
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
Sometimes
placed in Agriades Hubner 1819
|
N.
Spain, Alps
|
|
|
zullichi
|
Hemming
1933
|
Sometimes
placed in Agriades Hubner
1819; formerly treated as a subspecies of glandon
|
S.
Spain
|
|
|
aquilo
|
Boisduval
1832
|
Formerly
treated as a subspecies of glandon; sometimes placed in Agriades Hubner
1819
|
N.
Scandinavia
|
|
|
pyrenaica
|
Boisduval
1840
|
Sometimes placed in Agriades Hubner
1819
|
Cantabrians,
Pyrenees
|
|
|
dardanus
|
Freyer
1844
|
Formerly
treated as a subspecies of glandon,
then of pyrenaica, then
assigned full specific rank; sometimes placed in Agriades Hubner
1819
|
Balkans
|
|
Aricia
|
|
Reichenbach
1817
|
|
|
|
|
eumedon
|
Esper
1780
|
Often
placed in Eumedonia Forster 1938
|
Europe,
not British Isles
|
|
|
agestis
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
This
and the following three species are the subject of ongoing revision.
The specific distinction of agestis
and cramera is not
universally accepted.
|
Europe,
not far N., not Iberia, not Sardinia
|
|
|
cramera
|
Escholtz
1821
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of agestis.
|
Iberia,
Canaries, Sardinia, N. Africa |
|
|
artaxerxes
|
Fabricius
1793
|
Relationship
with montensis controversial.
|
Montane
Europe, including Scotland and N. England, not Iberia
|
|
|
montensis
|
Verity
1928
|
Relationship
with artaxerxes controversial.
|
Iberia
(distribution in Pyrenees uncertain due to confusion with artaxerxes), Morocco
|
|
|
morronensis
|
Ribbe
1910
|
|
Spain,
France (Pyrenees)
|
|
|
nicias
|
Meigen
1830
|
Sometimes
placed in Pseudaricia Beuret
1959
|
Pyrenees,
Alps, Scandinavia
|
|
|
anteros
|
Freyer
1838
|
Sometimes
placed in Ultraaricia Beuret
1959
|
Balkans
|
|
Cyaniris
|
|
Dalman
1816
|
Sometimes
included in Polyommatus
Latreille 1804
|
|
|
|
semiargus
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
Ssp.
helena Staudinger 1862
sometimes considered a good species.
|
Morocco,
Europe,
not British Isles
|
|
Polyommatus
|
|
Latreille
1804
|
|
|
|
|
escheri
|
Hübner
1823
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus.
|
Morocco,
S.
Europe
|
|
|
amandus
|
Schneider
1792
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. The name icarius, Esper 1789, is the valid
name for amandus but this is
not widely accepted yet. See HERE.
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
absent from large areas including British Isles, much of France and the
low countries, much of Italy.
|
|
|
dorylas
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
Sometimes
placed in obsolete genus Plebicula,
Higgins 1969.
|
Central
and E. Europe, N. to S. Sweden
|
|
|
golgus
|
Hübner
1813
|
Sometimes
placed in obsolete genus Plebicula,
Higgins 1969. |
S.
Spain
|
|
|
nivescens
|
Keferstein
1851
|
Sometimes
placed in obsolete genus Plebicula,
Higgins 1969. |
Spain.
|
|
|
atlanticus
|
Elwes
1905
|
Sometimes
placed in obsolete genus Plebicula,
Higgins 1969. |
N.
Africa
|
|
|
icarus
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
celina
|
Austaut
1879
|
|
N.
Africa, S.
Spain, Balearics, Sardinia, Sicily - distribution poorly known owing to
historic confusion with icarus.
|
|
|
andronicus
|
Coutsis
& Gavalas 1995
|
Possibly
to be placed with icarus
|
Greece,
Bulgaria
|
|
|
thersites
|
Cantener
1835
|
Sometimes
placed in genus or subgenus Agrodiaetus
Hübner 1822 but more recently not.
|
Morocco,
Europe,
not British Isles or N. Europe
|
|
|
eros
|
Ochsenheimer
1808
|
Subspecies
eroides Frivaldsky 1835
sometimes accorded full species status.
|
Mountains
from Pyrenees eastwards
|
|
|
daphnis
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
Sometimes
in genus Meleageria Sagarra
1925
|
Central
and S. Europe
|
|
|
dolus
|
Hübner
1823
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
S.
France and Italy
|
|
|
fulgens
|
de
Sagarra & Castellarnau
|
Formerly
ainsae Forster 1961
|
N.
Spanish populations of dolus
now treated as fulgens.
|
|
|
fabressei
|
Oberthür
1910
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Spain
|
|
|
violetae
|
Bustillo,
Hermosa & Borrego 1979
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
S.
Spain
|
|
|
humedasae
|
Toso
& Balleto 1976
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Aosta
Valley, Italy
|
|
|
aroaniensis
|
Brown
1976
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Greece,
Macedonia, Bulgaria
|
|
|
eleniae
|
Coutsis
& de Prins 2005
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
N.
Greece
|
|
|
nephohiptamenos
|
Brown
& Coutsis
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
N.
Greece
|
|
|
dantchenkoi
|
Lukhtanov
& Wiemers
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Greece,
Bulgaria
|
|
|
ripartii
|
Freyer
1830
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. P. agenjoi Forster 1965 currently
considered a subspecies/form of ripartii.
|
Spain,
France, Italy, Balkans and scattered populations in E.
|
|
|
admetus
|
Esper
1783
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
S.E.
Europe
|
|
|
damon
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
N.
Spain eastwards
|
|
|
iphigenia
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1847
|
In
subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner
1822, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Greece
|
|
|
coelestinus
|
Eversmann
1843
|
Sometimes
placed in (sub)genus Neolysandra
Kocak 1977
|
Greece
|
|
|
bellargus
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
In
subgenus Lysandra Hemming
1933, sometimes treated as a full genus.
|
Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
punctiferus
|
Oberthür
1876
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
coridon
|
Poda
1761
|
In
subgenus Lysandra Hemming
1933, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Central
and S. Europe from N. Spain eastwards
|
|
|
caelestissimus
|
Verity
1921
|
In
subgenus Lysandra Hemming
1933, sometimes treated as a full genus. Formerly treated as subspecies
of coridon.
|
Spain
|
|
|
hispanus
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
In
subgenus Lysandra Hemming
1933, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Spain,
S. France, Italy
|
|
|
albicans
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
In
subgenus Lysandra Hemming
1933, sometimes treated as a full genus. |
Spain,
Morocco
|
RIODINIDAE
|
|
|
Grote
1895
|
Sometimes
treated as subfamily of Lycaenidae
|
|
|
Hamearis
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
lucina
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
including British Isles, not far S. or far N.
|
NYMPHALIDAE
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIBYTHEINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
(formerly treated as separate family, Libytheidae,
containing one genus, Libythea)
|
|
|
Libythea
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
Only
genus in subfamily
|
|
|
|
celtis
|
Laicharting
1782
|
|
S.
Europe, N. Africa |
DANAINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
(formerly treated as separate family, Danaidae)
|
|
|
Danaus
|
|
Kluk
1802
|
|
|
|
|
plexippus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Morocco,
Coastal
S. Europe, Canaries and Madeira
|
|
|
chrysippus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Coastal
S. Europe, N. Africa and Canaries
|
CHARAXINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Charaxes
|
|
Ochsenheimer
1816
|
|
|
|
|
jasius
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
Coastal
S. Europe and N. Africa |
SATYRINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
(formerly treated as separate family, Satyridae)
|
|
|
Kirinia
|
|
Moore
1893
|
|
|
|
|
roxelana
|
Cramer
1777
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
climene
|
Esper
1783
|
|
Balkans
|
|
Pararge
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
aegeria
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
xiphia
|
Fabricius
1775
|
|
Madeira
|
|
|
xiphioides
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
Canaries
|
|
Lasiommata
|
|
Westwood
1841
|
|
|
|
|
maera
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N. or British Isles, not Corsica and Sardinia
|
|
|
meadwaldoi
|
Rothschild
1917
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
petropolitana
|
Fabricius
1787
|
|
Pyrenees
and mountains of central, E. and N. Europe
|
|
|
megera
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
paramegaera
|
Hübner
1824
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of megera
|
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
Lopinga
|
|
Moore
1893
|
|
|
|
|
achine
|
Scopoli
1763
|
|
Central
and E. Europe
|
|
Coenonympha
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
oedippus
|
Fabricius
1787
|
|
W.
France through Alps to E. Europe in narrow strip
|
|
|
hero
|
Linnaeus
1761
|
|
Central
and E. Europe and Scandinavia
|
|
|
gardetta
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
darwiniana
|
Staudinger
1871
|
Often
considered subspecies of gardetta,
with which it appears to hybridise.
|
Alps
|
|
|
macromma
|
Turati
& Verity 1911
|
Formerly
(and sometimes still) conflated with darwiniana.
|
S.E.
France, Italy
|
|
|
arcania
|
Linnaeus
1761
|
|
Europe,
not S. Iberia, far N. or British Isles
|
|
|
orientalis
|
Rebel
1910
|
Sometimes
conflated with leander.
|
Adriatic
and Balkans
|
|
|
leander
|
Esper
1784
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
glycerion
|
Borkhausen
1788
|
|
France,
eastwards and northwards
|
|
|
iphioides
|
Staudinger
1870
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of glycerion
|
Iberia
|
|
|
vaucheri
|
Blachier
1905
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
fettigii
|
Oberthür
1874
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
dorus
|
Esper
1782
|
|
S.
Europe (Iberia to Italy), N. Africa |
|
|
corinna
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
|
elbana
|
Staudinger
2901
|
|
Elba
and nearby Italian mainland
|
|
|
pamphilus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not S. Iberia
|
|
|
lyllus
|
Esper
1805
|
Often
treated as subspecies of pamphilus.
|
S.
Iberia, Sicily, N. Africa |
|
|
thyrsis
|
Freyer
1845
|
|
Crete
|
|
|
tullia
|
Müller
1764
|
|
Central,
E. and N. Europe
|
|
|
rhodopensis
|
Elwes
1900
|
|
Italy,
Adriatic, Balkans
|
|
Pyronia
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
bathseba
|
Fabricius
1793
|
|
Iberia,
S. France, N. Africa |
|
|
cecilia
|
Vallentin
1894
|
|
S.
Europe, N. Africa |
|
|
tithonus
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
|
Central,
S. and W. Europe, Morocco
|
|
|
janiroides
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
|
Algeria,
Tunisia
|
|
Maniola
|
|
Schrank
1801
|
|
|
|
|
nurag
|
Ghiliani
1852
|
|
Sardinia
|
|
|
jurtina
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
telmessia
|
Zeller
1847
|
|
Aegean
islands
|
|
|
megala
|
Oberthür
1909
|
|
Nissiros,
Greece
|
|
Hyponephele
|
|
Muschamp
1915
|
|
|
|
|
lycaon
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
Central,
S. and E. Europe
|
|
|
lupina
|
Costa
1836
|
|
S.
Europe, N. Africa |
|
|
maroccana
|
Blachier
1908
|
|
Morocco
|
|
Aphantopus
|
|
Wallengren
1853
|
|
|
|
|
hyperantus
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not far S. or far N.
|
|
Proterebia
|
|
Ross
& Arnscheid 1980
|
|
|
|
|
afra
|
Fabricius
1787
|
|
Croatia,
Greece
|
|
Erebia
|
|
Dalman
1816
|
|
|
|
|
ligea
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Mountains,
from Alps eastwards to Scandinavia
|
|
|
euryale
|
Esper
1805
|
|
Pyrenees,
mountains of central and E. Europe
|
|
|
eriphyle
|
Freyer
1836
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
pharte
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
Alps,
Carpathians
|
|
|
manto
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
Mountains
of N. Spain and central Europe
|
|
|
christi
|
Rätzer
1890
|
|
Near
Simplon Pass, (Switzerland and Italy)
|
|
|
claudina
|
Borkhausen
1789
|
|
Austria
|
|
|
flavofasciata
|
Heyne
1895
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
orientalis
|
Elwes
1909
|
|
Bulgaria
|
|
|
epiphron
|
Knoch
1783
|
|
Mountains
of Europe, not Scandinavia or S. Iberia
|
|
|
(serotina)
|
Descimon
& de Lesse 1953
|
Established
to be hybrid between epiphron
and pronoe.
|
Hautes-Pyrénées
|
|
|
sudetica
|
Staudinger
1861
|
|
Alps
and isolated populations in E. Europe
|
|
|
melampus
|
Fuessly
1775
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
albergana
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
Frequently given as alberganus, but albergana is correct
|
Cantabrians,
Alps, Italy, Balkans
|
|
|
polaris
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
Arctic
Norway and Finland
|
|
|
medusa
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller
|
|
Central
and E. Europe
|
|
|
aethiops
|
Esper
1777
|
|
Central
and E. Europe, N. British Isles
|
|
|
triaria
|
de
Prunner 1789
|
|
N.
Spain and Alps to Balkans
|
|
|
embla
|
Thunberg
1791
|
|
Far
N.
|
|
|
disa
|
Thunberg
1791
|
|
Arctic
|
|
|
neoridas
|
Boisduval
1828
|
|
Pyrenees,
France and Italy
|
|
|
mnestra
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
aethiopella
|
Hoffmannsegg
1806
|
|
Piedmont
and Alps of S.E. France
|
|
|
gorge
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
From
Cantabrians and Pyrenees through Alps and Italy to Balkans and beyond.
|
|
|
epistygne
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
N.
Spain and S. France
|
|
|
gorgone
|
Boisduval
1833
|
|
Pyrenees
|
|
|
rhodopensis
|
Nicholl
1900
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
cassioides
|
Reiner
& Howenwarth 1792
|
Western
populations (N. Spain, France, N. Italy, Switzerland), ssp. arvernensis, Oberthür 1908, sometimes
treated as a good species.
|
N.
Spain through Alps and Italy to Balkans
|
|
|
ottomana
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1847
|
|
France,
N. Italy, Balkans
|
|
|
hispania
|
Butler
1868
|
|
S.
Spain
|
|
|
rondoui
|
Oberthür
1908
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of hispania
|
Pyrenees
|
|
|
tyndarus
|
Esper
1781
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
nivalis
|
Lorkovic
& de Lesse 1954
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
calcaria
|
Lorkovic
1947
|
|
Italy,
Slovenia
|
|
|
melas
|
Herbst
1796
|
|
S.E.
Europe
|
|
|
pronoe
|
Esper
1780
|
|
N.
Spain and Alps to Balkans
|
|
|
meolans
|
de
Prunner
|
|
Spain,
France and Alps to Italy
|
|
|
oeme
|
Hübner
1804
|
|
Pyrenees,
Alps, Balkans
|
|
|
montana
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
|
Alps,
Apennines
|
|
|
scipio
|
Boisduval
1832
|
|
French
and Italian Alps
|
|
|
styx
|
Freyer
1834
|
|
E.
Alps
|
|
|
stirius
|
Godart
1824
|
|
E.
Alps
|
|
|
zapateri
|
Oberthür
1875
|
|
Central
Spain
|
|
|
lefebvrei
|
Boisduval
1828
|
|
N.
Spain, Pyrenees
|
|
|
palarica
|
Chapman
1905
|
|
Cantabrians
|
|
|
pluto
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
|
Alps,
Apennines
|
|
|
sthennyo
|
de
Graslin 1850
|
|
Pyrenees,
possibly S.E. Alps
|
|
|
pandrose
|
Borkhausen
1788
|
|
Pyrenees,
mountains of central and E. Europe, Scandinavia
|
|
Chazara
|
|
Moore
1893
|
|
|
|
|
briseis
|
Linnaeus
1764
|
|
Central
and S. Europe, N. Africa |
|
|
prieuri
|
Pierret
1837
|
|
Spain,
Mallorca, N. Africa |
|
Brintesia
|
|
Fruhstorfer
1911
|
|
|
|
|
circe
|
Fabricius
1775
|
|
Central
and S. Europe
|
|
Pseudochazara
|
|
de
Lesse 1951
|
|
|
|
|
anthelea
|
Hübner
1824
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
orestes
|
de
Prins & Van der Poorten 1981
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
atlantis
|
Austaut
1905
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
williamsi
|
Romei
1927
|
|
S.
Spain
|
|
|
mniszechii
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1851
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
geyeri
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1846
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
graeca
|
Staudinger
1870
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
mamurra
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1846
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
cingovskii
|
Gross
1973
|
|
Macedonia
|
|
Hipparchia
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
Includes
the former genera Neohipparchia and
Pseudotergumia. As well as lumping at the generic
level, there has been much splitting at the species level in this group.
|
|
|
|
semele
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
cretica
|
Rebel
1916
|
|
Crete
|
|
|
volgensis
|
Mazochin-Porshnyakov
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
christenseni
|
Kudrna
1977
|
|
Karpathos
|
|
|
senthes
|
Fruhstorfer
1908
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
aristaeus
|
Bonelli
1826
|
|
Corsica,
Sardinia, Capri, Elba, Giglio
|
|
|
algirica
|
Oberthür
1876
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
blachieri
|
Fruhstorfer
1908
|
|
S.
Italy, inc. Sardinia
|
|
|
mersina
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
Samos,
Lesbos
|
|
|
madeirensis
|
Baker
1891
|
|
Maderia
|
|
|
azorina
|
Strecker
1899
|
|
Azores
|
|
|
occidentalis
|
Bivar
de Sousa 1982
|
= caldeirense, Oehmig 1983. This
taxon treated in Bozano as a subspecies of azorina.
|
Azores
|
|
|
miguelensis
|
Le
Cerf 1935
|
|
Azores
|
|
|
neomiris
|
Godart
1822
|
|
Corsica,
Sardinia, Capri, Elba
|
|
|
fagi
|
Scopoli
1763
|
|
Pyrenees
and most of France eastwards
|
|
|
syriaca
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
hermione
|
Linnaeus
1764
|
Formerly
known as alcyone, Denis &
Schiffermüller 1775. Both Leraut and Bozano urge a return to alcyone. Ssp. genava, Fruhstorfer 1907, from the
Allps and Italy, often treated as a good species.
|
Spain,
France, Italy, Central and E. Europe
|
|
|
caroli
|
Rothschild
1933
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
ellena
|
Oberthür
1894
|
|
Algeria,
Tunisia
|
|
|
fidia
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
Formerly
in obsolete genus Pseudotergumia,
Agenjo 1947
|
Iberia,
S. France, N.W. Italy, N. Africa |
|
|
wyssii
|
Christ
1889
|
Formerly
in obsolete genus Pseudotergumia,
Agenjo 1947 |
Canaries
|
|
|
fatua
|
Freyer
1844
|
Formerly
in obsolete genus Neohipparchia
de Lesse 1951
|
Balkans
|
|
|
statilinus
|
Hufnagel
1766
|
Formerly
in obsolete genus Neohipparchia
de Lesse 1951 |
N.
Africa, most
of Europe; not British Isles, most of Germany or Scandinavia
|
|
|
hansii
|
Austaut
1879
|
Formerly
in obsolete genus Neohipparchia
de Lesse 1951 |
N.
Africa
|
|
|
powelli
|
Oberthür
1910
|
Formerly
in obsolete genus Neohipparchia
de Lesse 1951 |
N.
Africa
|
|
Arethusana
|
|
de
Lesse 1951
|
|
|
|
|
arethusa
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
France
and Spain, then countries E. of Italy
|
|
|
boabdil
|
Rambur
1840
|
Often
treated as subspecies of arethusa.
Ssp. dentata, Staudinger
1871, from S.W. France, formerly treated as subspecies of arethusa rather than assimilated
with boabdil.
|
Andalucía,
S.W. France, Sardinia
|
|
Oeneis
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
glacialis
|
Moll
1783
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
jutta
|
Hübner
1806
|
|
Scandinavia
and N.E. Europe
|
|
|
bore
|
Schneider
1792
|
|
Arctic
|
|
|
norna
|
Thunberg
1791
|
|
Far
N. and Arctic
|
|
Satyrus
|
|
Latreille
1810
|
|
|
|
|
ferula
|
Fabricius
1793
|
|
Morocco,
S.
Europe, not Iberia S. of Pyrenees
|
|
|
actaea
|
Esper
1781
|
|
Spain,
S. France, N.W. Italy
|
|
Minois
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
dryas
|
Scopoli
1763
|
|
Central
and E. Europe, not Iberia S. of Pyrenees
|
|
Berberia
|
|
de
Lesse 1951
|
|
|
|
|
lambessanus
|
Staudinger
1901
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
abdelkader
|
Pierret
1837
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
Melanargia
|
|
Meigen
1828
|
|
|
|
|
russiae
|
Esper
1783
|
|
S.
Europe generally, from Iberia eastwards, absent from large areas
|
|
|
galathea
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not far N., not Iberia S. of Cantabrians and Pyrenees
|
|
|
lachesis
|
Hübner
1790
|
Formerly
treated as subspecies of galathea
|
Iberia
and S. France
|
|
|
lucasi
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
larissa
|
Geyer
1828
|
|
Balkans
|
|
|
arge
|
Sultzer
1776
|
|
Italy
|
|
|
occitanica
|
Esper
1793
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria, Iberia,
S. France, N.W. Italy, Sicily
|
|
|
ines
|
Hoffmannsegg
1804
|
|
Iberia,
N. Africa |
|
Ypthima
|
|
Hübner
1818
|
|
|
|
|
asterope
|
Klug
1832
|
|
Greek
islands |
APATURINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Apatura
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
ilia
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
Europe
from N. Iberia eastwards, not far S. or N., not British Isles
|
|
|
metis
|
Freyer
1829
|
|
E.
Austria to Balkans, E. Europe
|
|
|
iris
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not far N. or far S.
|
|
Thaleropis
|
|
Staudinger
1871
|
|
|
|
|
ionia
|
Eversmann
1851
|
|
Greece
(isle of Kastellorizo)
|
LIMENITIDINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Limenitis
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
populi
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
France
eastwards, including Scandinavia, not British Isles
|
|
|
camilla
|
Linnaeus
1764
|
|
Europe
including British Isles, not far N. or far S.
|
|
|
reducta
|
Staudinger
1901
|
|
S.
half of Europe, from W. to E.
|
|
Neptis
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
rivularis
|
Scopoli
1763
|
|
E.
Switzerland and N. Italy eastwards
|
|
|
sappho
|
Pallas
1771
|
|
N.E.
Italy and Austria eastwards
|
NYMPHALINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Hypolimnas
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
misippus
|
Linnaeus
1764
|
|
Canaries,
Azores, Madeira
|
|
Araschnia
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
levana
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
from Pyrenees northwards, not British Isles, not most of Scandinavia
|
|
Vanessa
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
atalanta
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe
(as migrant in N.)
|
|
|
vulcania
|
Godart
1819
|
Formerly
treated as subspecies of indica,
Herbst 1794
|
Canaries,
Madeira
|
|
|
cardui
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
as migrant except in far S.
|
|
|
virginiensis
|
Drury
1773
|
|
Madeira,
Azores, Canaries, sporadic in Iberia
|
|
Polygonia
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
c-album
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
egea
|
Cramer
1775
|
|
S.
Europe, from S. France eastwards
|
|
Aglais
|
|
Dalman
1816
|
|
|
|
|
io
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete genus Inachis,
Hübner 1819
|
Europe,
except S. Iberia and far N.
|
|
|
urticae
|
Linnaues
1758
|
|
Europe,
not Corsica or Sardinia
|
|
|
ichnusa
|
Bonelli
1826
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of urticae
|
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
Nymphalis
|
|
Kluk
1780
|
|
|
|
|
polychloros
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe
except far N.; extinct in British Isles
|
|
|
xanthomelas
|
Esper
1781
|
|
E.
Europe; spasmodic irruptions westwards
|
|
|
l-album
|
Esper
1781
|
Controversy
exists over whether the name l-album
should be used or vaualbum
Denis & Sschiffermüller 1775
|
E.
Europe
|
|
|
antiopa
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, not S. Iberia
|
HELICONIINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Argynnis
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
|
|
|
|
niobe
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Fabriciana,
Reuss 1920. Recent work on Argynnis,
Speyeria and Fabriciana suggests this last
should be resuscitated, in which case niobe
would once again belong in it.
|
Europe,
not far N., not British Isles, not Corsica or Sardinia
|
|
|
elisa
|
Godart
1823
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Fabriciana,
Reuss 1920. Recent work on Argynnis,
Speyeria and Fabriciana suggests this last
should be resuscitated, in which case elisa
would once again belong in it. |
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
|
adippe
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Fabriciana,
Reuss 1920. Recent work on Argynnis,
Speyeria and Fabriciana suggests this last
should be resuscitated, in which case adippe
would once again belong in it. |
Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
aglaja
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Mesoacidalia,
Reuss 1926. Current placing in Argynnis
assumes the New World genus Speyeria
Scudder 1872 to be a subgenus of Argynnis.
If Speyeria is retained,
recent work suggests aglaja
should be placed in this genus, so Speyeria
aglaja.
|
Europe,
N. Africa |
|
|
paphia
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Algeria,
Europe,
not far S. or far N.
|
|
|
pandora
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
S.
Europe, N. Africa |
|
|
laodice
|
Pallas
1771
|
Formerly
placed in Argyronome, Hübner
1819
|
E.
Europe
|
|
Brenthis
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
ino
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, far N. or large regions of S.
|
|
|
daphne
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
S.
half of Europe, not S. Iberia
|
|
|
hecate
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
S.
half of Europe, local
|
|
Issoria
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
lathonia
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
migrant in N.
|
|
Boloria
|
|
Moore
1900
|
|
|
|
|
eunomia
|
Esper
1799
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Proclossiana
Reuss 1926
|
Sporadic
in W. and Central Europe, widespread in N.E.
|
|
|
euphrosyne
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920
|
Europe,
not S. Iberia, not Corsica and Sardinia
|
|
|
selene
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Europe,
not far S.
|
|
|
thore
|
Hübner
1803
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Alps,
Scandinavia
|
|
|
titania
|
Esper
1793
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Alps
and mountain ranges to E.; N.E. Europe
|
|
|
dia
|
Linnaeus
1767
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Europe,
not far S., not far N.
|
|
|
freija
|
Thunberg
1791
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Far
N.
|
|
|
chariclea
|
Schneider
1794
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Arctic
|
|
|
improba
|
Butler
1877
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Arctic
|
|
|
frigga
|
Thunberg
1791
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Far
N.
|
|
|
polaris
|
Boisduval
1829
|
Formerly
placed in obsolete Clossiana,
Reuss 1920 |
Arctic
|
|
|
pales
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
Mountains
from Cantabrians eastwards.
|
|
|
napaea
|
Hoffmannsegg
1804
|
|
Pyrenees,
Alps and Scandinavia
|
|
|
aquilonaris
|
Stichel
1907
|
|
France,
Alps, E. and N.E. Europe
|
|
|
graeca
|
Staudinger
1870
|
|
S.
Alps and Balkans
|
MELITAEINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY
|
|
|
Melitaea
|
|
Fabricius
1807
|
Includes
species formerly included in the obsolete genus Mellicta, Billberg 1920
|
|
|
|
aetherie
|
Hübner
1826
|
|
N.
Africa, Iberia, Sicily
|
|
|
phoebe
|
Goeze
1779
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, not far N.
|
|
|
punica
|
Oberthür
1876
|
Often
treated as subspecies of phoebe.
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
telona
|
Fruhstorfer
1908
|
Formerly
treated as subspecies (ogygia)
of phoebe, and sometimes as a
distinct species, ogygia, but
the name telona takes
precedence. Appears in Tshikolovets 2011 as ornata - he includes ogygia as subspecies of ornata.
|
S.
France, S., S.E. and E. Europe
|
|
|
arduinna
|
Esper
1783
|
|
Balkans
and E. Europe
|
|
|
didyma
|
Esper
1778
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not British Isles, not N.
|
|
|
deserticola
|
Oberthür
1876
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
trivia
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller 1775
|
|
S.
Europe from Italy eastwards
|
|
|
ignasiti
|
Sagarra
1926
|
Formerly
treated as subspecies of trivia
|
Iberia;
v. local in S. France
|
|
|
varia
|
Meyer-Dür
1851
|
|
Alps,
Apennines
|
|
|
diamina
|
Lang
1789
|
|
Europe,
from Cantabrians eastwards, not British Isles
|
|
|
deione
|
Geyer
1832
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria, Iberia,
France, Switzerland, Italy
|
|
|
aurelia
|
Nickerl
1850
|
|
France
eastwards, not S. Europe, not N. Europe
|
|
|
britomarits
|
Assmann
1847
|
|
Local,
from Piedmont eastwards and Sweden
|
|
|
asteria
|
Freyer
1828
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
athalia
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
Europe,
not Iberia or S. France
|
|
|
nevadensis
|
Oberthür
1904
|
Formerly
treated as ssp. celadussa of athalia.
|
Switzerland,
S. France, N.E. Italy, Iberia, with large zone of overlap with athalia
|
|
|
parthenoides
|
Keferstein
1851
|
|
W.
Europe, not British Isles
|
|
|
cinxia
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
Euphydryas
|
|
Scudder
1872
|
Includes
species formerly treated in obsolete genera Eurodryas Higgins 1878 and Hypodryas Higgins 1978
|
|
|
|
desfontainii
|
Godart
1819
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria, Iberia,
S. France
|
|
|
aurinia
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
merope
|
de
Prunner 1798
|
= glaciegenita, Verity 1928.
Controversial as distinct species. Variously treated as subspecies or
altitudinal form of aurinia
and/or conflated with f. debilis
of this species. Treatment on my own pages not yet correct!
|
Alps
|
|
|
cynthia
|
Denis
& Schiffermüller
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
maturna
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
France
and eastwards, sporadically
|
|
|
italica
|
Back,
Hausmann, Salk & Weiss 2015
|
Recently
recognised as distinct species from intermedia
|
Cottian
Alps of Italy
|
|
|
intermedia
|
Ménétriès
1859
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
iduna
|
Dalman
1816
|
|
Arctic
|
HESPERIIDAE
|
|
|
Latreille
1809
|
|
|
PYRGINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Carcharodus
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
alceae
|
Esper
1780
|
|
Europe,
not N., not British Isles
|
|
|
tripolinus
|
Verity
1925
|
Formerly
treated as subspecies of alceae
|
N.
Africa, S.
Iberia
|
| Muschampia
|
| Tutt
1906
| Conisdered
by some (e.g. Kudrna) to be invalid synonym of Syrichtus, Boisduval 1834
|
|
|
| lavatherae
| Esper
1783
| Until very recently included in Carcharodus, Hübner 1819, but now (provisionally) placed in Muschampia following proposal by Zhang et al. 2020 (see here p. 110).
| S.
half of Europe, N. Africa |
|
|
flocciferus
|
Zeller
1847
|
Until very recently included in Carcharodus, Hübner 1819, but now (provisionally) placed in Muschampia following proposal by Zhang et al. 2020 (see here p. 110).
|
Europe,
not N. France or W. Europe N. of Alps
|
|
|
stauderi
|
Reverdin
1913
|
Until very recently included in Carcharodus, Hübner 1819, but now (provisionally) placed in Muschampia following proposal by Zhang et al. 2020 (see here p. 110).
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
baeticus
|
Rambur
1839
|
Until very recently included in Carcharodus, Hübner 1819, but now (provisionally) placed in Muschampia following proposal by Zhang et al. 2020 (see here p. 110). |
Spain,
Portugal, S. France, Italy, Croatia
|
|
|
orientalis
|
Reverdin
1913
|
Until very recently included in Carcharodus, Hübner 1819, but now (provisionally) placed in Muschampia following proposal by Zhang et al. 2020 (see here p. 110).
|
Adriatic,
Balkans
|
|
|
proto
|
Ochsenheimer
1808
|
|
N.
Africa, S.
Europe
|
|
|
mohammed
|
Oberthür
1887
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
cribellum
|
Eversmann
1841
|
|
E.
Europe
|
|
|
leuzeae
|
Oberthür
1881
|
|
Algeria
|
|
|
tessellum
|
Hübner
1803
|
|
Balkans
and E. Europe
|
| Erynnis
|
| Schrank
1801
|
|
|
|
| marloyi
| Boisduval
1834
|
| Balkans
|
|
| tages
| Linnaeus
1758
|
| Europe,
not far N.
|
|
Pyrgus
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
malvae
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe,
not Iberia, S. France, Italy
|
|
|
malvoides
|
Elwes
& Edwards 1897
|
Formerly
considered subspecies of malvae.
|
Iberia,
S. France, Switzerland, Italy
|
|
|
serratulae
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, not N., not most of Italy
|
|
|
carlinae
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
cirsii
|
Rambur
1839
|
Sometimes
treated as subspecies of carlinae
|
W.
and Central Europe, not British Isles
|
|
|
armoricanus
|
Oberthür
1910
|
|
Generally
S. half of Europe, Morocco, Algeria
|
|
|
bellieri
|
Oberthür
1910
|
Sometimes
called foulquieri, Oberthür
1910
|
S.
France, N. Spain, Italy
|
|
|
onopordi
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
Morocco,
Algeria, S.
Europe, not E.
|
|
|
alveus
|
Hübner
1803
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, not far N.
|
|
|
numidus
|
Oberthür
1910
|
Formerly
treated as subspecies of alveus
|
Morocco,
Algeria
|
|
|
warrenensis
|
Verity
1928
|
|
Alps
|
|
|
cinerae
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
Central
Spain, Balkans
|
|
|
sidae
|
Esper
1784
|
|
Central
Spain to Balkans
|
|
|
carthami
|
Hübner
1813
|
|
Europe,
not British Isles, not N.
|
|
|
centaurae
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
Far
N.
|
|
|
cacaliae
|
Rambur
1839
|
|
Pyrenees,
Alps, Balkans
|
|
|
andromedae
|
Wallengren
1853
|
|
Pyrenees,
Alps, Balkans, far N.
|
|
Spialia
|
|
Swinhoe
1912
|
|
|
|
|
sertorius
|
Hoffmannsegg
1804
|
|
N.
Africa, Central
and W. Europe, not British Isles
|
|
|
rosae
|
Hernández-Roldán,
Dapporto, Dinca, Vincente & Vila 2016
|
Cryptic
sister species of sertorius.
|
Spain
|
|
|
therapne
|
Rambur
1832
|
Formerly
considered subspecies of sertorius.
|
Corsica
and Sardinia
|
|
|
orbifer
|
Hübner
1823
|
|
Sicily
and S.E. Europe
|
|
|
doris
|
Walker
1870
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
phlomidis
|
Herrich-Schäffer
1845
|
|
Balkans
|
HETEROPTINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Heteropterus
|
|
Duméril
1806
|
|
|
|
|
morpheus
|
Pallas
1771
|
|
Central
and E. Europe
|
|
Carterocephalus
|
|
Lederer
1852
|
|
|
|
|
palaemon
|
Pallas
1771
|
|
Central,
E. and N. Europe
|
|
|
sylvicola
|
Meigen
1829
|
|
N.
Europe, not British Isles
|
HESPERIINAE
|
|
|
|
SUBFAMILY |
|
|
Thymelicus
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
acteon
|
Rottemburg
1775
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not Scandinavia
|
|
|
christi
|
Rebel
1894
|
|
Canaries
|
|
|
hamza
|
Oberthür
1876
|
|
N.
Africa |
|
|
hyrax
|
Lederer
1861
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
lineola
|
Ochsenheimer
1808
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
|
sylvestris
|
Poda
1761
|
|
N.
Africa, Europe,
not far N.
|
|
Hesperia
|
|
Fabricius
1793
|
|
|
|
|
comma
|
Linnaeus
1758
|
|
Europe
|
|
|
pallida
|
Staudinger
1901
|
Usually
treated as subspecies of comma
|
N.
Africa, Balkans
|
|
Ochlodes
|
|
Scudder
1872
|
|
|
|
|
sylvanus
|
Esper
1777
|
Formerly
conflated with Asian species, venatus,
Bremer & Grey 1853
|
Europe
|
|
Gegenes
|
|
Hübner
1819
|
|
|
|
|
nostrodamus
|
Fabricius
1793
|
|
N.
Africa, Mediterranean, Atlantic coast of Portugal
|
|
|
pumilio
|
Hoffmannsegg
1804
|
|
Mediterranean
|
|
Borbo
|
|
Evans
1949
|
|
|
|
|
borbonica
|
Boisduval
1833
|
|
N.
Africa, S.
Spain, Gibraltar
|
|
Pelopidas
|
|
Walker
1870
|
|
|
|
|
thrax
|
Hübner
1821
|
|
Greek
islands and Cyprus
|